Not modelled. Not estimated. These are the numbers NASA and NOAA measured, with the date each one was taken.
The counters on the homepage and the daily briefing. Nobody counts births or tonnes of CO₂ as they happen, so those figures come from published annual and daily totals, divided down to the second and accumulated since midnight UTC. They are the right order of magnitude and the right shape. They are not measurements, and a ticking digit is not evidence.
This page. Every value below came off an instrument — a flask at a NOAA sampling station, a satellite microwave sensor, a magnetometer — and is published by the agency that operates it. They update on their own schedules, not ours: some daily, one every minute, one monthly. Each card shows when its reading was taken and links to the dataset so you can check it.
424.63ppm
+144.63 ppm (+52%) above pre-industrial
The share of the atmosphere that is carbon dioxide, averaged across NOAA's global network of sampling sites. It is the single number that most determines how much heat the planet keeps.
1,939.4ppb
+1,217.4 ppb (+169%) above pre-industrial
Methane traps roughly 80 times more heat than CO₂ over its first 20 years in the air, but breaks down within about a decade — which makes cutting it the fastest available brake on warming.
1.40°C
+1.40 °C above 1951–1980 average
How much warmer the month was than NASA's 1951–1980 average, combining land stations with sea surface measurements. Anomalies are used instead of absolute temperature because they survive gaps in the network.
4.666M km²
−1.574 M km² (−25%) below 1981–2010 Sept. average
The ocean area with at least 15% ice cover, measured by satellite microwave sensors that see through cloud and polar night. It reaches its yearly minimum each September.
17.303M km²
−1.397 M km² (−7%) below 1981–2010 Sept. average
The Antarctic runs opposite to the Arctic — its ice peaks in September, when the north is at its lowest. Watching both at once is the clearest way to see that this is one system with two hemispheres.
3Kp
storm threshold is 5
A 0–9 scale for how much the solar wind is disturbing Earth's magnetic field, updated every minute. At 5 and above it is a geomagnetic storm: aurora further from the poles, and pressure on satellites and power grids.
27events
Wildfires, storms, volcanoes and ice events that NASA has logged a new observation for in the past seven days. Each one is a place where the planet is visibly changing this week.
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